Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Notes
Chapter - 1 (Resources and Development)
Here we are going to solve all the questions from NCERT class 10 Geography chapter 1 notes.
while preparing all the mcq and question answer we have done deep study of NCERT class 10th book. we also try to provide all of you the quality answer/content for all the questions.
1.Multiple Choice Questions.
(i) Which one of the following type of resource is iron ore?
(a) Renewable
(b) Biotic
(c) Flow
(d) Non-renewable
Answer - Non-renewable
(ii) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
(a) Intensive cultivation
(b) Deforestation
(c) Over irrigation
(d) Overgrazing
Answer - Over irrigation
(iii) In which of the following states black soil is predominantly found?
(a) Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Jharkhand
Answer - Maharashtra
(iv) In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?
(a) Punjab
(b) plains of Uttar Pradesh
(c) Haryana
(d) Uttarakhand
Answer - Uttarakhand
2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.
Answer - These soils are black in colour and also known as Regur soil. The states having black soil are Maharashtra, Gujrat, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.
Black soil are ideal for growing cotton.
(ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern cost? Give three main features of this type of soil.
Answer - The type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern cost is Alluvial soil.
These are the three main features of alluvial soil-
(1) Alluvial soils are very fertile and good for cultivation. It also consists of various proportions of clay, sand and silt.
(2) It contains adequate proportion of potash, lime and phosphoric acid which are ideal for the growth of sugarcane, paddy, wheat and other cereal and pulse crops.
(3)Due to its high fertility, regions of alluvial soils are also densely populated.
(iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas.
Answer - These are the main steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas:-
(1) Contour Ploughing - Ploughing along the contour lines can decelerate the flow of water down the slopes.
(2) Terrace Farming - Steps can be cut out on the slopes making terraces restricts erosion.
(3) Strip Cropping - Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of wind.
(iv) What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.
Answer - Biotic Resources -
All living things are known as Biotic Resources. These resources are obtained from the biosphere. For example - Human beings, plants and animal.
Abiotic Resources -
All non-living things are known as Abiotic Resources. For example -air, wind, water, metals, rocks etc.
3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Explain land use pattern in India and why has land under forest not increased much since 1960 - 61?
Answer - Land use pattern in India determined both physical factor and human factor. Climate, topography, soil type are known as physical factor while population density, technological capability, culture and traditions are known as human factor. Land in India are divided into forest land, agriculture land, pasture land and waste land. The land under permanent pasture is decreasing day by day this will create the problem for grazing. The total net sown area is not more than 54% including land other than fallow land. The pattern of net sown area are varies greatly from one state to another. It is over 80% of the total area in Punjab and Haryana and less than 10% in Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur, Andaman Nicobar Island.
Land under forest not increased much since 1960-61 because of illegal deforestation and development which can't be overlooked, like constructions of road and buildings on the other hand large number of population who depends upon the forest and its product for their livelihood, resulting reduction of the forest area. Land uses for non agriculture purpose like roads, railways industry etc. Continuous use of land without taking appropriate measures to conserve and manage it, has resulted in land degradation. This has led to serious problem for the society and environment.
(ii) How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?
Answer - Technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources and these are the main factor -
(1) Technical development provides sophisticated equipment's. As a result, production increases and large scale of production led to over utilisation of resources.
(2) Technical advancement also led economic development. when the economic condition of a country rises, the demand of people also rise. It led to greater exploitation of resources.
(3) Technical and economic development has improved medical and health facilities due to which people are live longer and the consumption of resources has also increased.
(4) Economic development also provides favorable environment for technical development. With the help of latest technology various materials found around us converted into resources and it results into the consumption of new available resources too.
FAQ
Q. What is the first chapter of geography class 10?
Ans. First chapter of class 10th geography is Resources and Development.
Q. Who is known as the Father of Geography?
Ans. ''Eratosthenes'' is known as the Father of Geography.
Q. What are national resources Class 10 geography?
Ans. National resources are those resources which are under the control of state government or union government. for example- forests, wildlife, railways.
